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"Naskah Drama Cerita Rakyat Danau Tobarar" is the third part of a three-part article, which looks at the history of gluing ceramics. The content talks about the importance of ceramics to Indonesian life and culture. The article was written by Nuruddin Amsalem in English, an Indonesian writer who has taught English for over 30 years. As part of his career, he worked as an English teacher for several colleges in Indonesia and also taught freelance English lessons while still working full-time as a writer. Nuruddin's articles have appeared in many publications internationally including The Jakarta Post, Lontar Journal, Tempo Magazine and other magazines based in Jakarta. With the introduction of gluing ceramics, Indonesia, particularly Java, became one of the important areas for Chinese ceramics. This became an advantage for ceramics to grow bigger in Indonesia. Ceramics, including rice jars and earthenware pottery with glazed decoration became more popular in Java. It is not until 1932 until glazes become widely used in pottery production. Before this was common mainly on Chinese ceramics (white-glazed ceramic) and later on art pottery (or porcelain). The article mentions that glazes were first made during the 1400s when Marco Polo brought them back to Europe. This was a method to make pottery look more attractive. By the 1900s, art pottery became popular in China, where it was used as a kind of porcelain. In modern times, Indonesia has taken up this art form and by the 1930s Java became one of the major areas focused on making art pottery. By the beginning of World War II, there were about ten thousand people working on making ceramics. Ceramic factories were built by the Dutch government during this time to create ceramic for export to Europe. Despite these efforts, Japan invaded Indonesia soon after that war began. Ceramics production was lost during this period and molds were burned or destroyed due to actions taken by Japanese authorities . It was not until after Indonesia won their independence in 1945 that the ceramic industry began to recover. By 1951, the Indonesian Ceramic Production Company (PT. CIC) was established. This company was managed by the former members of the Art Pottery Guild and Art Studio of Surabaya and financed by a Chinese bank, Ban Giok Tjap Hwee (Bahana). According to Nuruddin, today there is still a lot of interest in art pottery in Indonesia and ceramics continue to be one of its major export products. Ceramics is used in various decorations, both inside and outside of buildings, including buildings for religious festivals. The article goes on to highlight some of the reasons behind this art form being so popular in Indonesia. Ceramics are made in different colors so they can be used to decorate nearly any part of a house. They are also versatile in their use because they can be adapted into many different shapes that can then be used for decorative purposes. Ceramics are also very affordable, meaning that they are easy to buy for most people. Due to this affordability, most people do not have to spend hundreds of thousands of dollars on art pottery when they can purchase an inexpensive one instead. cfa1e77820
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